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Manpage of LS

LS

Section: FSF (1)
Updated: March 2002
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NAME

ls - list directory contents  

SYNOPSIS

ls [OPTION]... [FILE]...  

DESCRIPTION

List information about the FILEs (the current directory by default). Sort entries alphabetically if none of -cftuSUX nor --sort.

-a, --all
do not hide entries starting with .
-A, --almost-all
do not list implied . and ..
-b, --escape
print octal escapes for nongraphic characters
--block-size=SIZE
use SIZE-byte blocks
-B, --ignore-backups
do not list implied entries ending with ~
-c
with -lt: sort by, and show, ctime (time of last modification of file status information) with -l: show ctime and sort by name otherwise: sort by ctime
-C
list entries by columns
--color[=WHEN]
control whether color is used to distinguish file types. WHEN may be `never', `always', or `auto'
-d, --directory
list directory entries instead of contents
-D, --dired
generate output designed for Emacs' dired mode
-f
do not sort, enable -aU, disable -lst
-F, --classify
append indicator (one of */=@|) to entries
--format=WORD
across -x, commas -m, horizontal -x, long -l, single-column -1, verbose -l, vertical -C
--full-time
list both full date and full time
-g
(ignored)
-G, --no-group
inhibit display of group information
-h, --human-readable
print sizes in human readable format (e.g., 1K 234M 2G)
--si
likewise, but use powers of 1000 not 1024
-H
same as `--si' for now; soon to change to conform to POSIX
--indicator-style=WORD append indicator with style WORD to entry names:
none (default), classify (-F), file-type (-p)
-i, --inode
print index number of each file
-I, --ignore=PATTERN
do not list implied entries matching shell PATTERN
-k, --kilobytes
like --block-size=1024
-l
use a long listing format
-L, --dereference
show file information for referents of symlinks
-m
fill width with a comma separated list of entries
-n, --numeric-uid-gid
list numeric UIDs and GIDs instead of names
-N, --literal
print raw entry names (don't treat e.g. control characters specially)
-o
use long listing format without group info
-p, --file-type
append indicator (one of /=@|) to entries
-q, --hide-control-chars
print ? instead of non graphic characters
--show-control-chars
show non graphic characters as-is (default unless program is `ls' and output is a terminal)
-Q, --quote-name
enclose entry names in double quotes
--quoting-style=WORD
use quoting style WORD for entry names: literal, locale, shell, shell-always, c, escape
-r, --reverse
reverse order while sorting
-R, --recursive
list subdirectories recursively
-s, --size
print size of each file, in blocks
-S
sort by file size
--sort=WORD
extension -X, none -U, size -S, time -t, version -v
status -c, time -t, atime -u, access -u, use -u
--time=WORD
show time as WORD instead of modification time: atime, access, use, ctime or status; use specified time as sort key if --sort=time
-t
sort by modification time
-T, --tabsize=COLS
assume tab stops at each COLS instead of 8
-u
with -lt: sort by, and show, access time with -l: show access time and sort by name otherwise: sort by access time
-U
do not sort; list entries in directory order
-v
sort by version
-w, --width=COLS
assume screen width instead of current value
-x
list entries by lines instead of by columns
-X
sort alphabetically by entry extension
-1
list one file per line
--help
display this help and exit
--version
output version information and exit

By default, color is not used to distinguish types of files. That is equivalent to using --color=none. Using the --color option without the optional WHEN argument is equivalent to using --color=always. With --color=auto, color codes are output only if standard output is connected to a terminal (tty).  

AUTHOR

Written by Richard Stallman and David MacKenzie.  

REPORTING BUGS

Report bugs to <bug-fileutils@gnu.org>.  

COPYRIGHT

Copyright © 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  

SEE ALSO

The full documentation for ls is maintained as a Texinfo manual. If the info and ls programs are properly installed at your site, the command
info ls

should give you access to the complete manual.


 

Index

NAME
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR
REPORTING BUGS
COPYRIGHT
SEE ALSO

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