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(guile.info)Weak References

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Weak References
===============

[FIXME: This chapter is based on Mikael Djurfeldt's answer to a question
by Michael Livshin. Any mistakes are not theirs, of course. ]

Weak references let you attach bookkeeping information to data so that
the additional information automatically disappears when the original
data is no longer in use and gets garbage collected. In a weak key hash,
the hash entry for that key disappears as soon as the key is no longer
referneced from anywhere else. For weak value hashes, the same happens
as soon as the value is no longer in use. Entries in a doubly weak hash
disappear when either the key or the value are not used anywhere else
anymore.

Property lists offer the same kind of functionality as weak key hashes
in many situations. (Note: Property Lists)

Here's an example (a little bit strained perhaps, but one of the
examples is actually used in Guile):

Assume that you're implementing a debugging system where you want to
associate information about filename and position of source code
expressions with the expressions themselves.

Hashtables can be used for that, but if you use ordinary hash tables it
will be impossible for the scheme interpreter to "forget" old source
when, for example, a file is reloaded.

To implement the mapping from source code expressions to positional
information it is necessary to use weak-key tables since we don't want
the expressions to be remembered just because they are in our table.

To implement a mapping from source file line numbers to source code
expressions you would use a weak-value table.

To implement a mapping from source code expressions to the procedures
they constitute a doubly-weak table has to be used.

Weak key hashes

Weak vectors