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(libc.info)Signals in Handler

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Signals Arriving While a Handler Runs
-------------------------------------

   What happens if another signal arrives while your signal handler
function is running?

   When the handler for a particular signal is invoked, that signal is
automatically blocked until the handler returns.  That means that if two
signals of the same kind arrive close together, the second one will be
held until the first has been handled.  (The handler can explicitly
unblock the signal using `sigprocmask', if you want to allow more
signals of this type to arrive; see Note: Process Signal Mask.)

   However, your handler can still be interrupted by delivery of another
kind of signal.  To avoid this, you can use the `sa_mask' member of the
action structure passed to `sigaction' to explicitly specify which
signals should be blocked while the signal handler runs.  These signals
are in addition to the signal for which the handler was invoked, and
any other signals that are normally blocked by the process.  Note:
Blocking for Handler.

   When the handler returns, the set of blocked signals is restored to
the value it had before the handler ran.  So using `sigprocmask' inside
the handler only affects what signals can arrive during the execution of
the handler itself, not what signals can arrive once the handler
returns.

   *Portability Note:* Always use `sigaction' to establish a handler
for a signal that you expect to receive asynchronously, if you want
your program to work properly on System V Unix.  On this system, the
handling of a signal whose handler was established with `signal'
automatically sets the signal's action back to `SIG_DFL', and the
handler must re-establish itself each time it runs.  This practice,
while inconvenient, does work when signals cannot arrive in succession.
However, if another signal can arrive right away, it may arrive before
the handler can re-establish itself.  Then the second signal would
receive the default handling, which could terminate the process.