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5. Miscellaneous Services

 
5. Miscellaneous Services

The modules described in this chapter provide miscellaneous services that are available in all Python versions. Here's an overview:

doctest A framework for verifying examples in docstrings.
unittest Unit testing framework for Python.
math Mathematical functions (sin() etc.).
cmath Mathematical functions for complex numbers.
random Generate pseudo-random numbers with various common distributions.
whrandom Floating point pseudo-random number generator.
bisect Array bisection algorithms for binary searching.
array Efficient arrays of uniformly typed numeric values.
ConfigParser Configuration file parser.
fileinput Perl-like iteration over lines from multiple input streams, with ``save in place'' capability.
xreadlines Efficient iteration over the lines of a file.
calendar General functions for working with the calendar, including some emulation of the Unix cal program.
cmd Build line-oriented command interpreters.
shlex Simple lexical analysis for Unix shell-like languages.

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