File Directories
================
The file system groups files into "directories". A "directory
listing" is a list of all the files in a directory. Emacs provides
commands to create and delete directories, and to make directory
listings in brief format (file names only) and verbose format (sizes,
dates, and authors included). There is also a directory browser called
Dired; see Note:Dired.
`C-x C-d DIR-OR-PATTERN <RET>'
Display a brief directory listing (`list-directory').
`C-u C-x C-d DIR-OR-PATTERN <RET>'
Display a verbose directory listing.
`M-x make-directory <RET> DIRNAME <RET>'
Create a new directory named DIRNAME.
`M-x delete-directory <RET> DIRNAME <RET>'
Delete the directory named DIRNAME. It must be empty, or you get
an error.
The command to display a directory listing is `C-x C-d'
(`list-directory'). It reads using the minibuffer a file name which is
either a directory to be listed or a wildcard-containing pattern for
the files to be listed. For example,
C-x C-d /u2/emacs/etc <RET>
lists all the files in directory `/u2/emacs/etc'. Here is an example
of specifying a file name pattern:
C-x C-d /u2/emacs/src/*.c <RET>
Normally, `C-x C-d' displays a brief directory listing containing
just file names. A numeric argument (regardless of value) tells it to
make a verbose listing including sizes, dates, and owners (like `ls
-l').
The text of a directory listing is obtained by running `ls' in an
inferior process. Two Emacs variables control the switches passed to
`ls': `list-directory-brief-switches' is a string giving the switches
to use in brief listings (`"-CF"' by default), and
`list-directory-verbose-switches' is a string giving the switches to
use in a verbose listing (`"-l"' by default).